ADL’s report identified Poland as the country with the highest rate of anti-Semitic attitudes in Europe (48% of respondents expressed negative stereotypes towards Jews, including 74% who thought “Jews talk too much about the Holocaust”).

European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) reported that 83% of Polish Jews believed that anti-Semitism had increased over the past five years, and 38% were considering emigrating because they felt threatened.

Ranking of the most anti-Semitic countries in the world

• The 2019 European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) Anti-Semitism Survey was conducted.
• Due to data limitations, the ranking is based on the countries most frequently mentioned in the ADL reports (2019, 2022, 2024) and the FRA report (2018), with an emphasis on anti-Semitic attitudes (stereotypes) and incidents (physical attacks, vandalism).
• The severity of the problem ranks countries, but the order is not rigid, as different sources produce different results.

Poland

• Data: In the ADL survey, 48% of Poles expressed anti-Semitic stereotypes (e.g., 74% thought that “Jews talk too much about the Holocaust”). In 2022, the figure dropped to 35%, and in 2024, Poland ranked 50th in the world (40%) and 10th in Eastern Europe. FRA (2018) reports that 83% of Polish Jews see an increase in anti-Semitism, and 38% are considering emigration. The number of incidents is low (101 in 2016, 73 in 2017).
• Commentary: Poland is often cited as the leader in anti-Semitic attitudes in Europe due to stereotypes, but the number of physical attacks is lower than in Western Europe. The ADL reports have been criticized for their methodology, with the Israeli embassy in Poland citing a relatively low physical threat.
• Background: Anti-Semitism in Poland is linked to the far-right, historical debates, and stereotypes about Jewish influence.

The European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) is a European Union agency established in 2007 and headquartered in Vienna, dedicated to monitoring human rights in the EU, including discrimination, racism, and anti-Semitism. It works on behalf of EU institutions and provides data to governments and organizations.